The sintering process is used to agglomerate a mix of iron ore fines, return fines, fluxes, and coke, with a particle size of less than 10 mm, so that the resulting sinter, with a screened size of 5 mm to 30 mm, can withstand pressure and temperature conditions in the blast furnace (BF). The process of sintering of iron ore fines was primarily ...
Iron ore sinter plants are energyintensive components of integrated iron and steel production (see Table 1), where the iron ore fines (<5 mm) are converted into larger (>5 mm) lump sinter cakes with greater gas permeability, which are the most important burden materials for iron making in blast furnaces (BFs) [7].The main process is shown in Fig. 2 and described in detail in previous studies ...
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts finesized raw materials, including iron ore, coke breeze, limestone, mill scale, and flue dust, into an agglomerated product, sinter, of suitable size for charging into the blast furnace.
In this study, based on the actual production data of the 360 m2 sintering machine of Hegang Steel, TFe, SFZS, and ZGZS were selected as the sinter ore quality evaluation indexes, and the input ...
For the ferrous burden of blast furnaces in China, sinter generally accounts for more than 70% and the sintering process accounts for approximately 610% of the total energy consumption of the iron and steel enterprise. Therefore, saving energy during the sintering process is important to reduce the energy consumption in the iron and steel industry. This paper aims to illustrate recent ...
At present, only imported iron ore fines are used in Jingtang sintering plant. And it is hard to control the particle size of imported iron ores. Different iron ore fines are mixed properly before charged to sintering machine. It is an important means to solve this problem to seek the particle size matching between solid fuel and iron ore fines.
Factors affecting dioxin emissions from iron ore sintering machines have been investigated by means of sinter pot tests (Nakano et al., 2009). The bed height, coke content, gas velocity, and afterburner were found to have insignificant effects. However, dioxin emissions were found to increase as the hearth layer increased and the distance of ...
Sintering and pelletization are the most important agglomeration technologies, in this way, in the EU27, 14 countries operate 34 iron ore sinter plants with 63 iron ore sinter strands, producing in the first decade of the twentyfirst century 130 million tons of sinter annually, on its behalf, 6 pelletization plants produce 27 million tons of ...
A short description of the sintering process is also presented in FernándezGonzález et al. (2018). Figure shows the main parts of an iron ore sintering plant (DwightLloyd machine). Despite at first instance the agglomeration of ores has imposed as a process required in the iron extractive metallurgy, this process has changed with the
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slagforming agents and solid fuel (coke). The purpose of the ...
The physical and chemical properties of the sinter are critical to the performance of the Blast Furnace. The cold strength of the sinter is measured as TI and hot strength as RDI. The Fe 2 O 3 in the iron ore is reduced to Fe 3 O 4 and then to FeO, with the help of heat supplied. In the iron ore sintering process, the heat is supplied majorly ...
The coke combustion rate in an iron ore sintering process is one of the most important determining factors of quality and productivity. Biomass carbon material is considered to be a coke substitute with a lower CO2 emission in the sintering process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combustion rate of a biomass carbon material and to use a sintering simulation model to calculate ...
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slagforming agents, and solid fuel (coke). The purpose of the sintering process is manufacturing a product with the suitable characteristics (thermal, mechanical, physical and chemical) to be fed to the blast furnace.
The iron and steel industry has made an important contribution to China's economic development, and sinter accounts for 7080% of the blast furnace feed charge. However, the average grade of domestic iron ore is low, and imported iron ore is easily affected by transportation and price. The intelligent ore blending model with an intelligent algorithm as the core is studied.
Sintering emissions and their mitigation technologies. L. Lu, ... X. Li, in Iron Ore, 2015. Key gaseous emissions from sinter plants. Iron ore sintering is a material preparation process employed worldwide in the production of iron and steel. According to statistical data on pollution, sintering plants rank second in terms of toxic emissions, after the incineration of municipal solid ...
The sintering process produces iron ore agglomeration of size 1040 mm with better reducibility values than lumps. Utilization of a higher proportion of quality agglomerates in the burden increases the productivity of the blast furnace. The sintering process increases the productivity and reduces the requirement of fuel, flux, and operation time.
Thermo Fisher Scientific offers advanced systems and equipment for all aspects of iron and steel manufacturing, particularly for measuring and controlling sintering process fluctuations, inhomogeneous mixtures, and other parameters that affect productivity, physical and metallurgical quality, and raw material consumption and costs.
Sintering is the most extensively used and economic agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Granulation is the most critical factor controlling iron ore sintering process, as it improves sinter mix permeability. Currently, sinter plants are receiving significant proportion (up to 40%) of − 150 μm microfines in iron ore fines, which makes sintering difficult ...
Fig. lR. L. Lloyd charging the first successful continuous sintering machine. Development of the DwightLloyd Sintering Process by H. E. Rowen As high grade iron ore deposits dwindle and costs rise, sin tering becomes more and more important. The steel indus try is now faced with beneficiation problems once peculiar
Pellet bed heights up to 550 mm can be realized. The CSP Sinter Car for sintering is used to airsweep ore fines and sintering concentrates through the charge layer during sintering belt movement. The car consists of a split or onepiece cast steel body, steel sealing plates, and lattice grate. Use of the seal assembly on the roller adds ...
1 Introduction Agglomeration processes are necessary to utilize the iron ore fines (< 10 mm) that are generated due to mechanized mining of iron ore. Sintering is one of the most prevalent agglomeration processes due to its lower capital cost and operational flexibility.
Although the sintering pot experiments and sintering machine measurements have provided proofs for CO reduction under SFGR, it is impossible to directly observe the gas composition and temperature in the sintering bed due to high temperature and melting materials. ... Insight into the application of hydrogenrich energy in iron ore sintering ...
In iron and steel industry, sintering process releases large amount and different kinds of pollutants. Most sintering plants had applied the dust removal system and the flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system for exhaust treatment in China. Previous studies of FGD systems were focused on the removal of air pollutants from coalfired boiler, rather than in the iron ore sintering process. In this ...
The iron ore fines (− 10 mm) are agglomerated using Dwight Lloyed sintering machine. The iron ore fines and coke breeze fines mix with moisture is fed on the sinter bed which is ignited by a gas burner to initiate sintering process. The hot sintered ore is discharged at the end of the machine.
The sinter machine proper remains the core of the sinter making technology and has the main components ( Fig 1) namely (i) pellet cars, (ii) drive for sinter strand, (iii) takeup mechanism, (iv) ignition furnace, and (v) crash deck and hot sinter crusher.
around the world to optimize the iron ore sintering production by increasing the thickness of materials layer. As a result materials layer thickness of sintering machines has also continued to increase, from 200300 mm at that time to more than 700 mm now. Due to the limitation of special iron ore resources and technical conditions, later ...
The basic hightemperature properties of iron ore play a crucial role in optimizing sintering and ore blending, but the testing process for these properties is complex and has significant lag time, which cannot meet the actual needs of ore blending. A prediction model for the basic hightemperature properties of iron ore fines was thus proposed based on a combination of machine learning ...
References (69) ... 6,7) Iron ore sintering is an agglomeration process of a mixture of ore fines mainly consisting of iron ores, fluxes and fuel, which produces sinters with suitable chemical and ...
Sinter plants agglomerate iron ore fines (dust) with other fine materials at high temperature, to create a product that can be used in a blast furnace. The final product, a sinter, is a small, irregular nodule of iron mixed with small amounts of other minerals.
To output more sinter in the field of fixed sintering machines, researchers have proposed highbed sintering with the following advantages: saving energy, reducing emission and strengthening sinter quality [ 1, 2, 3, 4 ].
Emission Optimized Sintering (EOS®) for lower costs Iron ore sintering creates substantial offgas volumes, and treating these in order to meet increasingly stringent environmental standards is expensive. EOS® uses recycling technology to reduce offgas volumes by 40 to 50 %, resulting in smaller secondary gas treatment systems. This means:
GAD design tests using an AK50 sintering machine showed equalization of the redox conditions and a decrease in the yield of small sinter fractions in the drum sample, which improves the sintering machine productivity by 3035% with an efficient fine coke consumption of %.
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